Fragrance Notes Guide
Explore the building blocks of perfumery and understand fragrance composition. Every fragrance is structured using a fragrance pyramid composed of top notes, middle notes (heart notes), and base notes that determine its scent profile, longevity, and unique character evolution over time.
Understanding the Fragrance Pyramid: Top, Middle & Base Notes
Top Notes (Opening Notes)
The initial impression of a fragrance. Also called opening notes, these light, volatile aromatic ingredients evaporate quickly and create the first olfactory impression. Common fresh notes include citrus, bergamot, and light herbs.
- Duration
- 15–30 minutes
Middle Notes (Heart Notes)
The heart of the fragrance and its true character. Also called heart notes, these aromatic components emerge as top notes fade and form the main body of the scent profile. Common floral and spice notes include rose, jasmine, and warm spices.
- Duration
- 2–4 hours
Base Notes (Foundation Notes)
The foundation that provides depth and longevity to the fragrance composition. Also called dry-down notes, these rich woody and resinous notes linger the longest on your skin. Common base notes include vanilla, musk, sandalwood, and amber.
- Duration
- 4–6+ hours
Browse Notes by Category
Organized by fragrance families
How Fragrance Notes Are Organized
Fragrance notes are organized into distinct categories based on their aromatic families and characteristics. Each family has unique scent profiles and common aromatic ingredients used in perfumery.
Understanding these fragrance families and their aromatic characteristics helps you predict which perfumes you'll enjoy and identify notes in your favorite scents.
- Floral Notes: Sweet, romantic aromatic scents from flowers like rose, jasmine, and peony. Typically middle notes in fragrance compositions, often used in feminine fragrances as heart notes.
- Woody Notes: Warm, earthy scents from woods like sandalwood, cedar, and vetiver. These base note ingredients create depth and longevity in fragrance compositions.
- Oriental Notes: Rich, sensual scents featuring vanilla, amber, and musk. These warm aromatic ingredients are associated with comfort and typically serve as base notes.
- Fresh/Citrus Notes: Bright, uplifting scents from bergamot, lemon, and grapefruit. These volatile aromatic ingredients are typically used as top notes in the fragrance pyramid.
- Fruity Notes: Juicy, vibrant scents from berries, stone fruits, and tropical fruits. Add playfulness and freshness to fragrance compositions.